Understanding Force: A Fundamental Concept in Physics | IJCT Volume 13 – Issue 3 | IJCT-V13I3P111

International Journal of Computer Techniques
ISSN 2394-2231
Volume 13, Issue 3  |  Published: May – June 2026

Author

Prof.Shirsath K.B., Jadhav Nikita, Gundechha Nutan., Gawali Vaishnavi., Gerange Swapnil, Jadhav Sahil, Ghule Sakshi, Gunjal Suraj

Abstract

Buoyancy and hydrostatics are important concepts in fluid mechanics and engineering applications. Archimedes’ Principle states that the buoyant force acting on an immersed body is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. However, different interpretations exist regarding how buoyancy acts on submerged bodies. This paper discusses the validity of Archimedes’ Principle and explains how hydrostatic pressure and effective forces influence submerged objects such as pipes and risers. The study also highlights the relationship between buoyancy, pressure distribution, and effective tension. The results support the conclusion that buoyancy develops over the complete volume of a submerged body and not only due to pressure acting on the bottom surface.

Keywords

Buoyancy, Hydrostatics, Archimedes’ Principle, Effective Force, Pressure, Fluid Mechanic

Conclusion

This paper explains the importance of buoyancy and hydrostatics in fluid mechanics and offshore engineering. The study confirms that Archimedes’ Principle remains fully valid and that buoyancy depends on the weight of displaced fluid. Hydrostatic pressure produces effective forces in submerged structures, and these forces are important in the analysis of marine risers, pipelines, and floating bodies. The findings demonstrate that buoyancy acts throughout the complete submerged volume and not only due to pressure acting on a flat bottom surface.

References

1.Archimedes – Principle of Buoyancy. 2.Fluid Mechanics textbooks and engineering references. 3.Nergaard, A. The Magic of Buoyancy and Hydrostatics – Buoyancy and Effective Forces, Modern Applied Science, 2017. 4.Sparks, C. P. Fundamentals of Marine Riser Mechanics. Research studies related to hydrostatic pressure and buoyancy analysis.

How to Cite This Paper

Prof.Shirsath K.B., Jadhav Nikita, Gundechha Nutan., Gawali Vaishnavi., Gerange Swapnil, Jadhav Sahil, Ghule Sakshi, Gunjal Suraj (2026). Understanding Force: A Fundamental Concept in Physics. International Journal of Computer Techniques, 13(3). ISSN: 2394-2231.

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